Learning in the Herd: How Horses Influence Other Horses

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Horses are inherently social animals. Herd dynamics govern attention, movement, and emotional regulation, and every interaction communicates information about risk, opportunity, and cooperation. 

The Role of the Environment in Social Cognitive Learning

Bandura’s work on social…

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Environment Shapes Behaviour in Dog Social Cognitive Learning

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Dogs learn behaviours everywhere: on a sidewalk, in a kitchen, near another dog, beside a food bowl, or at the end of a leash. Cognitive science has long shown that learning is deeply contextual, and Albert…

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Social Cognitive Horse Training: How Horses Learn, Problem-solve, and Make Decisions

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Horses live in a world where anticipation is essential. As prey animals, their survival depends on predicting what will happen next, physically, socially, and emotionally. Cognitive science supports what experienced equestrians have long observed: horses are…

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How Dogs Learn by Watching: Social Cognitive Animal Training

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Dogs are exceptional observers. In social cognitive animal training, dogs gather information from people, animals, and the environment around them. They notice patterns, predict outcomes, and adjust their responses based on what they see others do.

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Social Cognitive Horse Training: Building A Secure Attachment Through Trust

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Horses live in a world of constant stimulation. Every movement, tone, and gesture conveys information, and they respond with sensitivity that reflects their social and cognitive awareness. Building trust with a horse is the first step…

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Dogs Are Thinking While We Train Them: Why Social Cognitive Animal Training Matters

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Dog trainers are exceptionally good at observing behaviour. We notice patterns, emotional thresholds, timing, and context. Yet even with this level of skill, many trainers still encounter moments that behavioural explanations alone cannot fully account for…

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A Letter to Dog Trainers Who Are Willing to Slow Down

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

There comes a moment in this line of work when usual explanations stop working.

You can no longer say, They just need more clarity, and mean repetition.
You can no longer say, They’re refusing to obay,…

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The Future of Dog Training: When Algorithms Replace Expertise

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

The future of dog training is being shaped less by canine science and more by digital visibility. In an era where screens dominate both learning and leisure time, algorithms now determine which voices rise to the…

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Social Cognitive Dog Training

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Modern, science-based dog training, like social cognitive learning, recognizes that behaviour emerges from the interaction of three core determinants: social learning (how dogs learn from others), cognition (memory, perception, and attention), and environmental (physical and social…

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Beyond the Bridle and Bit: Social Cognitive Horse Training

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FL

When we think of horse training, most people imagine a person holding reins and applying pressure on the bit, releasing it when the horse does the right thing. For centuries, this model, based on negative reinforcement…

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Reinforcement, Punishment, and the Learner’s Perspective

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

In dog training, professionals and pet owners often misunderstand learning theory. Social media is full of people who claim they are reinforcing behaviour when, in reality, their actions say otherwise. Trainers claim positive reinforcement (R+) while…

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Resilience Training for Dogs: Building Bounce-Back Skills in a Stressful World

By Gaby Dufresne-Cyr, CBT-FLE

Resilience, the ability to recover quickly from setbacks, is a concept most often associated with human psychology as emotional or self-regulation. In dogs, resilience is just as vital. Whether they are therapy dogs working in challenging…

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